Title : Soy-based Formula Causes Changes To Infants Reproductive Tissues
link : Soy-based Formula Causes Changes To Infants Reproductive Tissues
Soy-based Formula Causes Changes To Infants Reproductive Tissues
| Prevent Disease | Mar 23, 2018 | Mae Chan |
Soy has become a major source of toxicity for human beings. Phytoestrogens in soy-based formulas are known to carry greater risks than benefits for infants. Babies fed soy-based formula had 13,000 to 22,000 times more isoflavones in their blood than babies fed milk-based formula.
True cancer of the prostate, carcinoma, is seldom seen in infants and children, but other forms of malignant tumors may develop and more cases are appearing in developed nations where the link appears to center around soy infant formula.
Soy isoflavones detrimentally affect gene expression of a hormone influencing insulin-resistence and body fat levels.
A US-based team found that infants fed a soy-based formula from birth had subtly but potentially important differences in a number of reproductive tissues when compared to those breast-fed or raised on cow's-milk formula.
Published in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, ?the investigation found higher vaginal cell maturational index (MI) and a slower decrease in uterine volume in female infants after 36 weeks, while minor changes in the development of breast-bud diameter were also found in boys.
The changes seen are characteristic of oestrogen-like responses arising from the presence of the phytoestrogen compound genistein in soy, said the team - which was both funded and led by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), part of the National Institutes of Health.
"Soy formula contains high concentrations of plant-based oestrogen-like compounds, and because this formula is the sole food source for many babies in the first six months of life, it's important to understand the effects of exposure to such compounds during a critical period in development," said senior author Dr Virginia Stallings, Director of the Nutrition Centre at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP).
"We don't know whether the effects we found have long-term consequences for health and development, but the question merits further study," she added.
Long-Term Effects Unknown?
Soy formula has long been used by non-breastfeeding mothers concerned with lactose intolerance, milk allergies, or through vegan diet preference. Nevertheless, soy protein contains high amounts of genistein, an oestrogen-like compound.
"Modern soy formula has been used safely for decades. However, our observational study found subtle effects in oestrogen-responsive tissues in soy-fed infants," commented first author Professor Margaret Adgent from Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville.
In previous animal studies, genistein caused abnormal reproductive development and function in rodents. However, little is known about its effects on infants. Thus, genistein may alter the body's endocrine system and potentially interfere with normal hormonal development, cautioned the researchers.
Although the changes seen in this study were subtle and no cause for alarm, their long-term health implications are not known and therefore require additional follow-up, the researchers emphasised.
Further work should not only include replication studies, but also long-term follow-up of the children in this study into childhood and adolescence, the researchers advocated.
Sources:
academic.oup.com
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